Here is a list of where and how to get the four bottles.
The first three bottle you get as a kid and the 4th as an adult.
1st bottle- To get this first bottle, go to Lon Lon Ranch. Enter the Stable at the right. Talk to Talon inside and pay 10 rupees to play the Cucco catching game. Follow the Cuccos path as best as you can. Then pick up the three cuccos before the time limit runs out. Once you win you get a bottle.
2nd bottle-To get this bottle, go to Kakariko Village and talk to the Cucco lady. You will have to find all ten of the Cuccos scattered throughout town. All of them are in plain site except for the one that is in the crate next to the stairs leading to Death Mountain. Once you round up the cuccos and throw them into the pen, she will then reward you with a empty bottle.
3rd Bottle-Go into Zora's Domain and when you go to King Zora's alter, go down the small tunnel. Talk to the Zora at the end and play the Diving Game. Retrieve the rupees in the game. Then go back up and get your Silver Scale as your prize. Then dive down and use your Silver Scale to dive into the small exit under water. You will enter Lake Hylia. Then dive down and claim the third bottle.
4th Bottle When you enter Hyrule Castle Town from Hyrule Field go into the door to the side. Inside will be the Poe Hunter. Talk to him and start hunting Big Poes. They are scattered throughout Hyrule Field and can only be hunted with arrows on horse-back. You have to collect them in your bottle once they are defeated. Once you collect all 10,(not to mention you get 50 rupees for each Big Poe that you show) you will get tyhe 4th and final bottle.